I'm also suffering somewhat to get this dock to work adequately on Linux (Running Debian Testing, kernel 5.6)
For those of you with an X1 Extreme or X1 Extreme Gen2, please remember that any display different from the Internal one is always handled by the GPU, so, hybrid configurations with this dock will not work for multiple screens on Linux, unless you wait for NVIDIA to update drivers past the 450.0 one (which is in beta and currently not available for any other distro than Ubuntu 18, it is also not listed on nvidia drivers downloads, so be aware)
The only way to adequately activate any external monitor (with linux) is to put the video as dedicated only until the new NVIDIA driver comes out. (talking about >440.82), windows drivers take care of handling hybrid configurations, but, this also has some glitches from time to time, so using windows is no holy grail either.
The thing that works best for me is to simply unplug and plug the dock again after logging in, RandR get's all crazy trying to figure out screen disposition, and tries to set crazy refresh rates so any external monitors stay off, or produce drawing artifacts.
Hopefully Lenovo can improve monitor handling, As displayport timings are extremely buggy and as they surely now, Xorg way of handling monitor detection is surely more thorought than windows, so this polling takes time. (of course, writing custom monitor sections on xorg.conf is out of the question as this is not portable)
The other glitch that was readily observed is that the dock is not properly managed as a "dock" so acpid enabled distros most surely will suspend the machine whenever the lid is closed (even with external monitors, so, a quick logind.conf fix is due while this happens.
HTH